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Effects of comprehensive therapy based on traditional Chinese medicine patterns on older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a subgroup analysis from a four-center, randomized, controlled study

Minghang Wang,Jiansheng Li,Suyun Li,Yang Xie

Frontiers of Medicine 2014, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 368-375 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0360-0

Abstract: Patients were divided into the trial group treated using conventional western medicine and Bu-Fei Jian-Pigranules, Bu-Fei Yi-Shen granules, and Yi-Qi Zi-Shen granules based on TCM patterns respectively; and

Keywords： chronic obstructive pulmonary disease     older adult     clinical trial     Bu-Fei Jian-Pi granules     Bu-Fei Yi-Shengranules     Yi-Qi Zi-Shen granules    

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CAS and ABM-based Demolition Waste Management Research in the AEC Industry

Zhi-kun Ding,Yi-fei Wang,Jin-chuang Wu

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2016, Volume 3, Issue 1,   Pages 18-23 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016004

Abstract: With the increase of the urban population and the rapid development of urbanization in China, a large number of old buildings will be demolished and produce a huge amount of waste. Currently the recycling ratio of old building materials is very low, which results in the problems of resource waste and environment pollution. This greatly challenges urban sustainable development. With respect to the continual growth of demolition waste quantities, it is urgent to research how to implement effective management of demolition wastes by focusing on the demolition agents’ behavior. Based on the theory of complexity, this paper analyzes the demolition waste management from the perspective of complex adaptive system. Taking into account the “green” demolition (building dismantling) and conventional demolition (building demolished) methods, the agent-based modeling method with Repast Simphony platform is applied to simulate interactions between demolition agents. The longitudinal trend of demolition waste quantities is forecasted.

Keywords： demolition waste     complexity science     agent-based modeling    

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Wind tunnel test study on the wind pressure coefficient of claddings of high-rise buildings

Yong QUAN, Yi LIANG, Fei WANG, Ming GU

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 4,   Pages 518-524 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0128-4

Abstract: The area-averaged most unfavorable wind pressure coefficients (MUWPCs) on various regions of building surfaces and the influence of the side ratio and the terrain category were studied based on wind tunnel test data of scale models of typical high-rise buildings with rectangular cross-sections. The negative area-averaged MUWPCs in the middle-height edge areas generally increased with an increasing / side ratio. The area-averaged MUWPCs can be well fitted with a function of the average area reduced by the square of the building depth, . In addition, no unique pattern was found for the effect of the terrain category on the MUWPCs.

Keywords： side ratio     area-averaged pressure coefficients     cladding     terrain category    

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The liver tissue bank and clinical database in China

Yuan YANG, Yi-Min LIU, Ming-Yue WEI, Wei-Ping ZHOU, Hong-Yang WANG, Meng-Chao WU, Yi-Fei WU, Jun-Hui

Frontiers of Medicine 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 443-447 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0190-7

Abstract: To develop a standardized and well-rounded material available for hepatology research, the National Liver Tissue Bank (NLTB) Project began in 2008 in China to make well-characterized and optimally preserved liver tumor tissue and clinical database. From Dec 2008 to Jun 2010, over 3000 individuals have been enrolled as liver tumor donors to the NLTB, including 2317 cases of newly diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and about 1000 cases of diagnosed benign or malignant liver tumors. The clinical database and sample store can be managed easily and correctly with the data management platform used. We believe that the high-quality samples with detailed information database will become the cornerstone of hepatology research especially in studies exploring the diagnosis and new treatments for HCC and other liver diseases.

Keywords： liver neoplasm     tissue bank     information systems     standardization    

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An improved method for image denoising based on fractional-order integration

Li Xu, Guo Huang, Qing-li Chen, Hong-yin Qin, Tao Men, Yi-fei Pu,huangguoxuli@163.com

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 10,   Pages 1413-1534 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900727

Abstract: Given that the existing methods damage the texture details of an image, a new method based on fractional integration is proposed. First, the formula is deduced by generalizing the , and then the approximate value of the operator is estimated by a numerical method. Finally, a mask operator of any order is constructed in eight pixel directions of the image. Simulation results show that the proposed method can protect the edge texture information of the image while removing the noise. Moreover, this method can obtain higher image feature values and better image vision after denoising than the existing denoising methods, because a mechanism is adopted during the iterative processing.
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Joint entity–relation knowledge embedding via cost-sensitive learning Article

Sheng-kang YU, Xue-yi ZHAO, Xi LI, Zhong-fei ZHANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 11,   Pages 1867-1873 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601255

Abstract: As a joint-optimization problem which simultaneously fulfills two different but correlated embedding tasks (i.e., entity embedding and relation embedding), knowledge embedding problem is solved in a joint embedding scheme. In this embedding scheme, we design a joint compatibility scoring function to quantitatively evaluate the relational facts with respect to entities and relations, and further incorporate the scoring function into the maxmargin structure learning process that explicitly learns the embedding vectors of entities and relations using the context information of the knowledge base. By optimizing the joint problem, our design is capable of effectively capturing the intrinsic topological structures in the learned embedding spaces. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our embedding scheme in characterizing the semantic correlations among different relation units, and in relation prediction for knowledge inference.

Keywords： Knowledge embedding     Joint embedding     Cost-sensitive learning    

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A comprehensive analysis of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the Bactrian camel (

Zuoxiang LIANG,Tao WANG,Yi SUN,Wenlong YANG,Zhihong LIU,Jing FEI,Ying GUO,Qingwei MA,Qingjie PAN,Liming

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 249-259 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015056

Abstract: Heavy chain only antibodies (HCAbs) represent a rare type of antibody that is devoid of light chains and the CH1 domain that have been reported in cartilaginous fish and camelids. By analyzing transcript data and genome sequences, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of Bactrian camel immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. Based on the transcript data, one gene, five genes, one gene and one gene were found. Additionally, the variable region of HCAbs (VHH) and the conventional antibodies (VH) sequences associated with the , and genes were amplified. Based on these genome sequences, seven , six , , , , , and genes and a portion of a gene were observed. Different Kozak sequences within different VH families were found in our analysis, and the variability index differed between the VHH3 and VH3 families. Phylogenetic analysis of the constant regions of the camelid immunoglobulin genes indicates that these genes appeared before the evolutionary divergence of Bactrian camels and dromedaries.

Keywords： Bactrian camel     heavy-chain antibodies     VHH     γ3    

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Highly selective metal recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries through stoichiometric hydrogen ion replacement

Weiguang Lv, Xiaohong Zheng, Li Li, Hongbin Cao, Yi Zhang, Renjie Chen, Hancheng Ou, Fei Kang, Zhi Sun

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 5,   Pages 1243-1256 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-2029-3

Abstract: Spent lithium-ion battery recycling has attracted significant attention because of its importance in regard to the environment and resource importance. Traditional hydrometallurgical methods usually leach all valuable metals and subsequently extract target meals to prepare corresponding materials. However, Li recovery in these processes requires lengthy operational procedures, and the recovery efficiency is low. In this research, we demonstrate a method to selectively recover lithium before the leaching of other elements by introducing a hydrothermal treatment. Approximately 90% of Li is leached from high-Ni layered oxide cathode powders, while consuming a nearly stoichiometric amount of hydrogen ions. With this selective recovery of Li, the transition metals remain as solid residue hydroxides or oxides. Furthermore, the extraction of Li is found to be highly dependent on the content of transition metals in the cathode materials. A high leaching selectivity of Li (>98%) and nearly 95% leaching efficiency of Li can be reached with LiNi Co Mn O . In this case, both the energy and material consumption during the proposed Li recovery is significantly decreased compared to traditional methods; furthermore, the proposed method makes full use of H to leach Li . This research is expected to provide new understanding for selectively recovering metal from secondary resources.

Keywords： recycling     spent LIBs     selective recovery     hydrothermal treatment    

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Heat and mass transfer of ammonia-water in falling film evaporator

Xianbiao BU, Weibin MA, Huashan LI

Frontiers in Energy 2011, Volume 5, Issue 4,   Pages 358-366 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0161-y

Abstract: To investigate the performance of heat and mass transfer of ammonia-water during the process of falling film evaporation in vertical tube evaporator, a mathematical model of evaporation process was presented, the solution of which that needed a coordinate transformation was based on stream function. The computational results from the mathematical model were validated with experimental data. Subsequently, a series of parameters, such as velocity, film thickness and concentration, etc., were obtained from the mathematical model. Calculated results show that the average velocity and the film thickness change dramatically at the entrance region when <100 mm, while they vary slightly with the tube length in the fully developed region when >100 mm. The average concentration of the solution reduces along the tube length because of evaporation, but the reducing tendency becomes slow. It can be concluded that there is an optimalβrelationship between the tube length and the electricity generated. The reason for the bigger concentration gradient in the direction is that the smooth tube is chosen in the calculation. It is suggested that the roll-worked enhanced tube or other enhanced tube can reduce the concentration gradient in the film thickness direction and enhance the heat and mass transfer rate.

Keywords： falling film evaporation     ammonia-water     heat and mass transfer    

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Composite adsorbents of CaCl

Huashan LI, Xianbiao BU, Lingbao WANG, Zhenneng LU, Weibin MA

Frontiers in Energy 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 356-360 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0207-9

Abstract: Composite adsorbents of CaCl and sawdust prepared by carbonization for adsorption refrigeration with NH as refrigerant are tested, and the effects of carbonization temperature on the sorption capacity and rate are analyzed. The results show that the amount of pores in the sawdust of the composite adsorbents carbonized, apart from the content of CaCl , is the most dominant factor influencing the NH sorption on composite adsorbents. The optimum carbonization temperature is 700°C, which gives the maximal NH sorption capacity as high as 0.774 kg of NH per kg of the composite, and the specific cooling power is approximately between 338 and 869 W/kg with the cycle duration varying from 5 to 20 minutes. The present study demonstrates that the composite absorbent of CaCl and sawdust prepared by carbonization is more promising and competitive for adsorption refrigeration application.

Keywords： adsorption refrigeration     composite adsorbent     calcium chloride     sawdust     carbonization    

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Identification and ranking of the risky organic contaminants in the source water of the Danjiangkou reservoir

Qingwei BU, Donghong WANG, Zijian WANG, Junnong GU

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 42-53 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0499-y

Abstract: The Danjiangkou reservoir was selected to provide the source water for the middle routes of the South to North Water Transfer Project, which has provoked many environmental concerns. To date, investigations of water contamination of the source water of the Danjiangkou reservoir with organic micro-pollutants have been limited. This study was conducted to identify and rank organic contaminants that pose risks in the Danjiangkou reservoir. To this end, the Chemical Hazard Evaluation and Management Strategies (CHEMS-1) approach was adapted to integrate the deconvolution technology of qualitative identifying contaminants for site-specific environmental matrices. The samples were screened for the presence of 1093 contaminants using deconvolution technologies and the hazard values of the identified contaminants were calculated using the adapted CHEMS-1 approach according to their hazardous properties and occurrence in source water. The results showed that 46 contaminants from 1093 targets were present in Danjiangkou water, 23 of which appeared at frequencies higher than 50%, and 15 of which were identified as priorities. Over half (53%) of the high-ranked contaminants were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with chrysene ranked highest on the list. Health risk assessment of the top-ranked PAHs was conducted and revealed that cancer risks of PAHs detected in the source water of Danjiangkou to different populations ranged from 10 to 10 , indicating a low cancer risk to consumers. The results of this study indicated that the adapted CHEMS-1 approach was feasible for site-specific screening of organic contaminants to identify and rank potential priority pollutants.

Keywords： identification and ranking     source water     deconvolution     risk assessment     Danjiangkou     South to North Water Transfer Project    

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A sampling method based on URL clustering for fast web accessibility evaluation

Meng-ni ZHANG,Can WANG,Jia-jun BU,Zhi YU,Yu ZHOU,Chun CHEN

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2015, Volume 16, Issue 6,   Pages 449-456 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400377

Abstract: When evaluating the accessibility of a large website, we rely on sampling methods to reduce the cost of evaluation. This may lead to a biased evaluation when the distribution of checkpoint violations in a website is skewed and the selected samples do not provide a good representation of the entire website. To improve sampling quality, stratified sampling methods first cluster web pages in a site and then draw samples from each cluster. In existing stratified sampling methods, however, all the pages in a website need to be analyzed for clustering, causing huge I/O and computation costs. To address this issue, we propose a novel page sampling method based on URL clustering for web accessibility evaluation, namely URLSamp. Using only the URL information for stratified page sampling, URLSamp can efficiently scale to large websites. Meanwhile, by exploiting similarities in URL patterns, URLSamp cluster pages by their generating scripts and can thus effectively detect accessibility problems from web page templates. We use a data set of 45 web sites to validate our method. Experimental results show that our URLSamp method is both effective and efficient for web accessibility evaluation.

Keywords： Page sampling     URL clustering     Web accessibility evaluation    

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Caloric evaporation of the brine in Zangnan Salt Lake

Shiqiang WANG, Yafei GUO, Nan ZHANG, Lingzhong BU, Tianlong DENG, Mianping ZHENG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 343-348 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-1029-0

Abstract: Zangnan Salt Lake on the south of the Tibet is a type of carbonate lake with high concentrations of lithium, boron, and potassium and obviously it differs from seawater in its chemical composition. An experimental simulation of the caloric evaporation of the lake’s brine was conducted by first freezing the brine and then performing isothermal evaporation at 288.15 K. The freezing path and the physicochemical properties of the brine were determined. The crystallization sequence was natron, hydrohalite, halite, sylvite, zabuyelite, trona, aphthitalite, thermonatrite, and borax. Rubidium and cesium salts did not crystallized out but concentrated in the mother solution. The physicochemical properties (density, refractive index, conductivity, and pH) of the liquid phase changed as the evaporation progressed. In the beginning of the evaporation processes, the concentration of potassium ions in the liquid phase gradually increased but later it decreased. A peak value of 55.21 g/L was obtained when the evaporation was 88% complete. When the mineral aphthitalite began to crystallize; the concentrations of B O , Li , Rb , and Cs gradually increased as the evaporation progressed. When the evaporation was 98% complete, their concentrations in the mother liquor were 40.77 g/L, 4.838 g/L, 400.17 mg/L and 31.95 mg/L, respectively. This essential fundamental study can provide an important reference for the comprehensive utilization of brines in Zangnan Salt Lake.

Keywords： Zangnan Salt Lake     evaporation     crystallization path     freezing    

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VirtMan: design and implementation of a fast booting system for homogeneous virtual machines in iVCE

Zi-yang Li, Yi-ming Zhang, Dong-sheng Li, Peng-fei Zhang, Xi-cheng Lu,ymzhang@nudt.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016, Volume 17, Issue 2,   Pages 110-121 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500216

Abstract: has been proposed to combine data centers and other kinds of computing resources on the Internet to provide efficient and economical services. s (VMs) have been widely used in iVCE to isolate different users/jobs and ensure trustworthiness, but traditionally VMs require a long period of time for booting, which cannot meet the requirement of iVCE’s large-scale and highly dynamic applications. To address this problem, in this paper we design and implement VirtMan, a system for a large number of s in iVCE. VirtMan uses the Linux Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) target to remotely mount to the source image in a scalable hierarchy, and leverages the of a set of VMs to transfer only necessary image data at runtime. We have implemented VirtMan both as a standalone system and for OpenStack. In our 100-server testbed, VirtMan boots up 1000 VMs (with a 15 GB image of Windows Server 2008) on 100 physical servers in less than 120 s, which is three orders of magnitude lower than current public clouds.

Keywords： Virtual machine     Fast booting     Homogeneity     Internet-based virtual computing environment (iVCE)    

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Corrigendum to “Emerging Organic Contaminants in Chinese Surface Water: Identification of Priority Pollutants” [Engineering 11 (2022) 111–125] Corrigendum

Mengmeng Zhong, Tielong Wang, Wenxing Zhao, Jun Huang, Bin Wang, Lee Blaney, Qingwei Bu, Gang Yu

Engineering 2023, Volume 31, Issue 12,   Pages 139-140 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.09.001

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Effects of comprehensive therapy based on traditional Chinese medicine patterns on older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a subgroup analysis from a four-center, randomized, controlled study

Minghang Wang,Jiansheng Li,Suyun Li,Yang Xie

Journal Article

CAS and ABM-based Demolition Waste Management Research in the AEC Industry

Zhi-kun Ding,Yi-fei Wang,Jin-chuang Wu

Journal Article

Wind tunnel test study on the wind pressure coefficient of claddings of high-rise buildings

Yong QUAN, Yi LIANG, Fei WANG, Ming GU

Journal Article

The liver tissue bank and clinical database in China

Yuan YANG, Yi-Min LIU, Ming-Yue WEI, Wei-Ping ZHOU, Hong-Yang WANG, Meng-Chao WU, Yi-Fei WU, Jun-Hui

Journal Article

An improved method for image denoising based on fractional-order integration

Li Xu, Guo Huang, Qing-li Chen, Hong-yin Qin, Tao Men, Yi-fei Pu,huangguoxuli@163.com

Journal Article

Joint entity–relation knowledge embedding via cost-sensitive learning

Sheng-kang YU, Xue-yi ZHAO, Xi LI, Zhong-fei ZHANG

Journal Article

A comprehensive analysis of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the Bactrian camel (

Zuoxiang LIANG,Tao WANG,Yi SUN,Wenlong YANG,Zhihong LIU,Jing FEI,Ying GUO,Qingwei MA,Qingjie PAN,Liming

Journal Article

Highly selective metal recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries through stoichiometric hydrogen ion replacement

Weiguang Lv, Xiaohong Zheng, Li Li, Hongbin Cao, Yi Zhang, Renjie Chen, Hancheng Ou, Fei Kang, Zhi Sun

Journal Article

Heat and mass transfer of ammonia-water in falling film evaporator

Xianbiao BU, Weibin MA, Huashan LI

Journal Article

Composite adsorbents of CaCl

Huashan LI, Xianbiao BU, Lingbao WANG, Zhenneng LU, Weibin MA

Journal Article

Identification and ranking of the risky organic contaminants in the source water of the Danjiangkou reservoir

Qingwei BU, Donghong WANG, Zijian WANG, Junnong GU

Journal Article

A sampling method based on URL clustering for fast web accessibility evaluation

Meng-ni ZHANG,Can WANG,Jia-jun BU,Zhi YU,Yu ZHOU,Chun CHEN

Journal Article

Caloric evaporation of the brine in Zangnan Salt Lake

Shiqiang WANG, Yafei GUO, Nan ZHANG, Lingzhong BU, Tianlong DENG, Mianping ZHENG

Journal Article

VirtMan: design and implementation of a fast booting system for homogeneous virtual machines in iVCE

Zi-yang Li, Yi-ming Zhang, Dong-sheng Li, Peng-fei Zhang, Xi-cheng Lu,ymzhang@nudt.edu.cn

Journal Article

Corrigendum to “Emerging Organic Contaminants in Chinese Surface Water: Identification of Priority Pollutants” [Engineering 11 (2022) 111–125]

Mengmeng Zhong, Tielong Wang, Wenxing Zhao, Jun Huang, Bin Wang, Lee Blaney, Qingwei Bu, Gang Yu

Journal Article